Although there are many problems in dna cryptography, scientists are trying to solve them because they believe that, with the extraordinary information density and the vast parallelism that are inherent in dna. Clearly, computing with dna has massive advantages over silicon based machines. Dna cryptography based on dna hybridization and one time. Dna computing is the use of biomolecular components rather than standard artificial hardware such as silicon chips in computer technology. The emerging field of dna nanotechnology has also developed quickly. Dna computing, currently a hot research field in information processing, has the advantages of parallelism, low energy consumption, and high storability.
It deals with the biochips made of dna that are able to perform billions of calculations at once by multiplying themselves in number. Dna computing uses biological materials like dna, biochemistry and molecular biology, in place of traditional silicon based computer technology. We firstly introduce the basic idea of dna computing, and then discuss the information security technology in dna computing. The idea that individual molecules or even atoms could be used for computation dates. In which dna is used as information carrier, this modern biological technology is used as an implementation tool. Subscribe to access expert insight on business technology in an adfree environment. The goal of the dna computing field is to create a device that can work independent of human involvement.
It makes use of the specificity of watsoncrick base pairing and other dna properties to make novel structures out of dna. But within five to 10 years dna based computers could be tested for medical applications. Dna computing is a nascent technology that seeks to capitalize on the enormous informational capacity of dna, biological molecules that can store huge amounts of information. Benefits and risks of dnabased computing network world. A survey on dna computing and a pseudo dna method based on central dogma of molecular biology abstract. In fact, dna polymerase needs a star t 56 scientific american august 1998 computing with dna c onsider a map of cities connected by certain nonstop flights top right. Each job is represented with a dna sequence that is proportional dna computing free download p sugathan,2010,dspace. Security, hypersensitive information, dna cryptography, dna computing.
Data security is concerned with the areas of communication and data transmission. Dna computing is a branch of computing which uses dna, biochemistry, and molecular biology hardware, instead of the traditional silicon based computer technologies. In this regard, dna computing was introduced based on the usage of dna and molecular biology hardware instead of the typical silicon based technology. A number of proposals have been submitted for breaking conventional cryptosystems by dna computing. Dna deoxyribose nucleic acid computing, also known as molecular computing is a new approach to massively parallel computation based on groundbreaking work by adleman. Introduction to dna computing 25 chapter 2 introduction to dna computing 2. N2 computing by representing information in the form of dna base sequences has several potential advantages over silicon based computing methods, due to the massive parallelism of the biochemical reactions on dna. Implementing digital computing with dnabased switching.
Dna computing technology is unlikely to replace conventional silicon computers. Then the caltech researchers subsequently built a dna based. In this article, youll learn how scientists are using genetic material to create nanocomputers that might take the place of silicon based computers in the next decade. The concept of using dna computing in the fields of cryptography and steganography has been identified as a possible technology. A new emerging research topic in the field of information storage, security and cryptography is dna based cryptography. Explore dna based computing with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. The ppt explains the relatively new form of computing that, instead of using silicon based technology, utilizes the abilities of the dna. Motivation and method the pseudo dna cryptography method is different from that of the dna cryptography based on dna. The future of computing power from dna hard drives to. It has many advantages like perform millions of operations simultaneous, generate a complete set of potential solutions, conduct large parallel searches, efficiently handle massive amounts of working memory, cheap, clean, readily available materials, amazing ability to store information. It introduces a firenew data structure and calculating method, providing a new way for solving the npcomplete problem. Dna the future of computing information technology essay abstract.
May 06, 2015 conventional silicon based computing, which has advanced by leaps and bounds in recent decades, is pushing against its practical limits. Dna cryptography is used to solve conflicts in cryptography. The concept of using dna computing in the fields of cryptography and steganography has been identified as a possible technology that may bring forward a new hope for. It indicated that the cryptosystem using publickey was perhaps insecure. As modern encryption algorithms are broken, the world of information security looks in new directions to protect the data it transmits. Feb 25, 20 dna computing a computer that uses dna deoxyribonucleic acids to store information and perform complex calculations. Mar 12, 2012 the future of computing power from dna hard drives to quantum chips. In place of traditional code such as the common binary variety, dna computing utilizes the fourcharacter genetic alphabet, which consists of. Dna based information storage, synthetic biology, information storage technology.
Dna cryptography is one of the rapid emerging technology which works on concepts of dna computing. In particular, john reif and his group at duke university have proposed two different techniques to reuse the computing dna complexes. Both of these refer to the ability of computing systems to learn and to make decisions based on the information they are given. Dna cryptography is built on dna which is an information. Dna cryptography can be defined as a hiding data in terms of dna sequence. May 29, 2019 dna computing is the use of biomolecular components rather than standard artificial hardware such as silicon chips in computer technology. Since dna computing is a new technology with the advantages of the enormous capability of to perform parallel computing, massive information storage capacity, and low energy consumption. Thus, at least one of the inputs must be false in order to create a double strand chain. Computing handbook set computer science volume i chapter. Dna is known to carry information from one generation to other and is. Also, such technology is very hard to use outside laboratories currently, both getting the dna strands, and extracting the results. Dna computing is a nascent technology that seeks to capitalize on the enormous informational capacity of dna, biological molecules that can store huge amounts of information and are able to perform operations similar to a computers through the deployment of enzymes, biological catalysts that act like software to execute.
The emerging science of dna cryptography mit technology. While still in their infancy, dna computers will be capable of storing billions of times more data than your personal computer. Dna computing is a new method of simulating biomolecular structure of dna and computing by means of molecular biology technological computation. The dna computing model given by adleman 8 cannot be taken as dna cryptography directly.
The main benefit of using dna computers to solve complex problems is that different possible solutions are created all at once. The adleman dna computer created a group of possible answers very quickly, but it took days for adleman to narrow down the possibilities. The encryption and decryption process proposed in this paper will use the dna sequencing string of the dna. He used dna to solve a sevennode hamiltonian path problem, a special case of an npcomplete. In this paper, a novel algorithm of reversible data hiding based on dna computing is proposed. Dna cryptography is a rapid emerging technology which works on concepts of dna computing.
This paper proposes two algorithms namely content based watermark algorithm using dna sequence cbdna and user specified watermark algorithm using dna. However, dna computing seems to be the first example of true nanotechnology, forging a link between computational science and life science. Subsequent research on dna computing has produced reversible dna computing, bringing the technology one step closer to the siliconbased computing used in for example pcs. Development of dna computing and information processing. Request pdf information security technology based on dna computing dna computing is a new method of simulating biomolecular structure of dna and computing by means of molecular biology. Abstract dna cryptography is a relatively new paradigm that has attracted great interest in the field of information security. Conventional silicon based computing, which has advanced by leaps and bounds in recent decades, is. Also explore the seminar topics paper on dna based computing with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year computer science engineering or cse students for the year 2015 2016. New data storage technology can fit 490 exabytes of data per gram of dna. Gearheart march 26, 2010 traditional silicon based circuitry is susceptible to security attacks as a consequence of the static nature of its design. Dna computing was proposed as a means of solving a class of intractable computational problems in which the computing time can grow exponentially with problem size the np. The vast parallelism and extra ordinary information density inherent in dna. The only operations used in these computers are the iterated splicing the splicing known from dna recombination and the squeezing operation which in formal language.
The article talked about efforts at california institute of technology, for example, making use of dna nanostructures called seesaw gates to construct logic circuits analogous to those used in microprocessors. It can realize several security technologies such as encryption, steganography, signature and authentication by using dna molecular as information medium. In addition to his wide interests in information security. Review on dna based encryption algorithm for text and.
Dna cryptography based on dna hybridization and one time pad scheme. An efficient direction of achieving data security can be termed as dna based cryptography. Research and development in this area concerns theory, experiments, and applications of dna computing. A new technique for securing data was introduced using the biological structure of dna called dna computing aka molecular computing or biological computing. In this paper i intend to present the computing technology that has a great future dna computing. Dna strand displacement reactions sdrs 1,2,3 have been employed to implement highly complex tasks such as molecular computing 4,5, information processing 6,7,8, and nanorobots.
Chemical reaction networks crns are becoming central tools in the study and practice of dna computing and molecular programming. Nanotechnology current biomolecular computing technology is still far from overtaking the silicon chip. Dna computing could help take the digital era to the next. He intro duces the basic idea of dna computing, and then discusses the information security technology in dna computing. Dna sequences based data encryption seems to be an assuring technique for fulfilling the current information security needs.
The molecular computers could take advantage of dna s physical properties to store information and perform calculations. Biology is a life science which has high significance on the quality of life and information security. Dna computing, the performing of computations using biological molecules, rather than traditional silicon chips. Basic architecture and applications of dna computing. Despite the complexity of this technology, the idea behind dna computing follows from a simple analogy between the following two processes, one. Dna the future of computing information technology essay.
In the proposed algorithms, dna sequence is used as a digital watermark, as the dna sequences are unique and difficult to copy. For example, dna polymerase will make a watsoncrick complemen tary dna strand fr om a dna template. Two of the terms used in biological computing are genetic algorithms and neural networks. Review on dna based encryption algorithm for text and image data mohit rusia1, reader hemant makwana2. Dna computing information security is very vital in todays digital era of ecommerce and ebusiness. Guangzhao cui can realize several security technologies such as encryption, steganography, signature and authentication by using dna molecular as information medium. Readout by di erence in re ectance in the rulayer a. Why dna cryptography and which are the principal benefits for its adoption.
In a different perspective, more than 10 trillion dna molecules can fit into an area no larger than 1 cubic centimeter. Dna computing cochin university of science and technology. This simple but powerful toehold structure lays the foundation for an information storage architecture with versatile capabilities. Inspired by the algorithm of histogram modification, which is a classical algorithm for reversible data hiding, we combine it with dna computing to realize this algorithm based on biological technology. The topics include the use of proteins and other molecules for information processing, molecular recognition, computation in nonlinear media, computers based on physical reactiondiffusion systems found in chemical media, dna computing, bioelectronics and protein based optical computing. The techniques used are also employed by dna computing and thus dna nanotechnology overlaps with dna computing. Biomolecular computing or dna computing is a fast developing area, research is going on to better understand the theory, experiments, applications of dna computing. In dna computing, technology of dna is used to solve difficult computational problems, while in dna cryptography, different difficult biological problems are. Dna computing a computer that uses dna deoxyribonucleic acids to store information and perform complex calculations. The term molectronics has sometimes been used, but this term has already been used for an earlier technology. Dna cryptography an area of dna computing bioinform proteom opn acc j dna cryptography an area of dna computing senapati kk department of computer science and engineering, birla institute of technology. Today, many scientists believe that dna computing will complement silicon based computers, not replace them. Dna itself provides the added benefits of being a cheap, energyefficient resource.
The method uses variable length representation of jobs. Pdf dna computing and its application to information and. Consisting of four bases a adenine, t thymine, c cytosine and g guanine, these bases follow a watson crick complementary rule whereby a complements t, c complements g and vice versa. Even though dna has been proven it can be used to calculate complex mathematical problems, the work has not become widespread because it is incredibly timeintensive. Cryptography is one the major elements in data security and communications security. Ultimately, dna cryptography appeared only gradually.
Dna computing department of computer science, cusat 1 cochin university of science and technology cochin 682022 2010 seminar report on dna computing submitted by princy sugathan s in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of. Another drawback of his dna computer is that it requires human assistance. While 2014 was the year of data breach, 2015 is off to a fast. Dna stores a massive amount of information inside the tiny nuclei of living cells. Dna computing, also known as molecular computing, is a new approach to massively parallel computation based on groundbreaking work by adleman. Dnabased nand logic gate is the same as the or gate that discussed previously, except the base sequence contains the sequence representing true rather than false. In dna computing, technology of dna is used to solve difficult computational problems, while in dna cryptography, different difficult biological problems are studied and it lays the secure foundation of dna cryptosystems.
If dna computing can be used to break codes, then the machinery of life can be exploited to encrypt data too. Thus the idea of this form of dna computing is at great risk in the field of cryptography. A survey on dna computing and a pseudo dna method based on central dogma of molecular biology biology is a life science which has high significance on. Once a circuit is obtained by an attacker, it is a matter of time before one can reverse engineer its configuration.
For instanc e, in the example shown here, it is possible t o travel directly. May 25, 2015 dna computing, currently a hot research field in information processing, has the advantages of parallelism, low energy consumption, and high storability. Dna computation based approach for enhanced computing power. Chapter 1 aims and objectives information and library. In place of traditional code such as the common binary variety, dna computing. Dna computing is a discipline that aims at harnessing individual molecules at the nanoscopic level for computational purposes.
The encryption process and the decryption process can be considered as computation. With this, a dna computer could hold 10 terabytes of data and perform 10 trillion calculations at a time. Dna based computing seminar report and ppt for cse students. Information security technology based on dna computing. In one method, called dna strand displacement, the input of dna that binds to a dna logic gate displaces a strand of dna that serves as the output.
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